Abstract: Quadric surfaces are commonly seen geometries in man-made targets. In this article, a unified bidirectional scattering distribution function (BSDF) is analytically derived for general convex ...

Abstract: Travel time reliability is a major factor affecting travelers’ route and mode choice behaviors, which is an important aspect of intelligent transportation systems. The calculation of travel ...

Deb Hipp is a freelance health and medical writer and editor who lives in Kansas City, Missouri. She is a former investigative reporter with more than 25 years of experience as a journalist and writer ...